Trade is simply when...and....

 ...goods or merchandise leave one discernible area and go to another for a token or measure of exchange  value or simple money. Then value is realised..

Paper money or on most occasions...

Precious metals such as gold are not regarded as an adequate means of exchange in most countries outside the US and English sphere of influence and many of the more sentient in those latter jurisdictions question the exchange value of other countries' currency. Few in the US question the value of coinage but they ignore the US economic dominance of the entire world.

Concepts of real and syncretic values are very dated apart from amongst Marxist governments and the Germans and students of those powers economies.

The US relies on military and financial leverage and the English financial cartels fronted up by the Bank of England's monetary policy committee rely on the English Court of Chancery (Commerce/Trade/Trusts) as arbiter of trade to maintain imperialist domination in financial and economic transactions.

America's grip on the world economy is loosening because of industrial decline and debt accumulation,mainly private and student debt. The .money grubbers question the US's basic solvency and fitness as an international policeman.

New times?

China is unable to take up the slack left as creditor nation by the US because of a culture of moral and political and press obscurantism. China exercises an negligible influence on any society outside the Dark Continent due to the lack of individual freedoms in law,the lack of business transparency, international standing and lack of indigenous technique.

 China's friends in the West are in tiny, immobile groups who are the target of public hostility.Those groups are marginal politically and their influence is declining with the membership in tiny cluster cells of disparate individuals.

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21.10.2023

The business of trade is central to the development of imperialism (see Marx,Capital, Volume 1,on the Navigation Acts and on Ireland).

An imperialist and before it a colonialist power will grows as a parasitic organism in the host body of its captive people's.

It like the template of empire,the British Empire,trades not just in its own goods and wares but those of other countries. As Marx showed,Britain outlawed Irish Navigation in 1715 at the sunset of its revolutionary period.

Independence fanatics take note,a country without a language will find some other means of communication but a country without independent navigation is at the beck and call of imperialist interests and a country without a seagoing Navy can not protect its people much less it's commerce,in time of international tension. That is why the Fianna Fail and Fine Gael gobshites are trying to lure us into a defence pact with the UK.

They are the Quislings of our times. VOTE LABOUR. Give Fianna Fail street crawlers who appear around election time the heave-ho. They and the other Jack-in-Beanstalk types know nothing about trade,economics or how to run a market social economy no more than the Brookings Institute.