Finance. Das Internationale Wahrungssystem. The question of currency valuation

 The currency markets' traded value of money determines the international purchasing power of a national currency. That may be a false measure, comparatively, when the national currency is tendered as an equivalent internally. I am referring to the Irish, British and German property market.

Currency valuations which enrich and impoverish countries are being determined not just by currency trading but by large transcontinental states. We think in particular of states such as Russia. The cartel of gas suppliers it operates has,more or less,a monopoly of some energy resources. Behemoths such as the US and economic conglomerates such as the European Union operate commodity and industrial cartels, respectively.

Politics? Economics? Trade? 

Shady dealings and dodgy dealers...

Internationally-traded currency values and comparative interest levels cannot exist in isolation from total industrial and commercial trade patterns, market trends and administrative fiat or political will(s).